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Figure 3.2

Phanerozoic isopach of the Western Canada Sedimentary Basin. Represents 540 m.y. of deposition. Contouring is digitally smoothed on this and other regional maps in this chapter, manually smoothed at the eastern and western margins. In the west, contours reflect some seismic control. KB - Kelly Bushing of rig.

Figure 3.3

Cratonic platform isopach of the Western Canada Sedimentary Basin. Represents 334 m.y. of deposition (540 to 206 Ma). The cratonic platform is defined east of the thrust belt as the sub-Jurassic to Precambrian isopach. Note that there are few deep wells south and west of Edmonton, and that there are no contours west of the Bovie Lake Fault, where isopach values exceed 3500 m.

Figure 3.4

Geological sections across the Western Canada Sedimentary Basin, east of the Cordilleran Fold and Thrust Belt (from Wright, 1984). Colours represent Atlas stratigraphic subdivisions. Vertical exaggeration is approximately 40 times. Note zone of overlap at the break in the A-A' section.

Figure 3.5

Peace River Arch and Tathlina High montage. Note that three different isopachs and contour intervals are used. The basal datum, throughout, is the Precambrian basement surface. The top data are, in ascending stratigraphic order, the Middle Devonian Chinchaga Fm., the Frasnian Muskwa Fm. and the Famennian Wabamun Group.

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Figure 3.6

Structural controls in the Peace River area. Structure contour map, on the Base of Fish Scales marker. The Cretaceous Cadotte Sandstone limit is taken from Leckie et al. (1990), the Leduc Reef outline from Mobil Oil Canada data. The eastern limit of Ksituan Arc is from Ross (1989). Well control diminishes along the course of the Peace River, related to present-day erosion.

Figure 3.7

Dunvegan and Belloy gas fields. Structure map on the Mississippian Debolt Formation. The Dunvegan Fault is approximately coincident with the northeast limit of the Ksituan magnetically positive arc. Tops are from a variety of sources and can be used only in a regional context.

Figure 3.8

Dunvegan seismic section. The line is parallel to the Peace River and shows the Dunvegan Fault with displacement (from well control) of over 77m down to the northeast, where the Permian and uppermost Mississippian are thicker. Line courtesy of Sourcex Seismic Ltd. C.D.P. coverage 1600 %; migrated, 1985 vintage. Displacement of Devonian Wabamun is 60 ms.

Figure 3.9

Foreland Basin isopach of the Western Canada Sedimentary Basin, representing the section preserved above the base of the Jurassic (206 Ma) to surface (KB - Kelly Bushing.)

Figure 3.10

Burial history curves and Phanerozoic isopach map. No profile is decompacted. Locations are indicated by letters on the accompanying Phanerozoic map. Curves are estimated in part from vitrinite reflection data, and also from fission track analysis, reported in Issler et al. (1990), Kalkreuth and McMechan (1988), Morrow et al. (1993), Nurkowski (1985), and Osadetz et al. (1990). Colours vary in meaning.

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Figure 3.11

Williston Basin Phanerozoic isopach and structural elements. Isopach data in the U.S.A. portion of the basin are from Jensen (1972) .

Figure 3.12

Isopach map, surface (Kelly Bushing) to Cretaceous Base of Fish Scales.

Figure 3.13

Structural styles of the fold and thrust belt, eastern part. The fold-dominated northern Rockies (Tuchodi-Muskwa section) are separated from the thrust-dominated southern Rockies (Highwood River section) by a broad transition zone (Sukunka River section). Lines of section are shown in Figure 3.12. Colours vary in meaning.

Figure 3.14

Liard Basin, structure on top of Mississippian. Tops from various sources; may deviate from the vertical.

Figure 3.15

Liard Basin, Bovie Lake Fault seismic section. Within section, displacement of Middle Devonian is 900 ms, two-way time. Line courtesy of Mobil Oil Canada. 1971 vintage; 1200 % fold; migrated.

Figure 3.16

Fort Macleod area, structure map on the Base of Fish Scales. Fault pattern in Tp 9 R 24 W4M is from seismic control, including Cambrian time-structure map.

Figure 3.17

Fort Macleod seismic section. Quotation marks against names indicate seismic markers are approximately equivalent to those geological horizons. Faults are apparent up to the Upper Devonian but fractures are present in boreholes in the Mississippian Banff and Cretaceous Second White Speckled Shale zone. Displacement of the Cambrian is 180 ms, two-way time; 1979 vintage. The Base of Fish Scales Marker (Fig. 3.16) lies about 100 m below the Second White Specks. Line courtesy of Mobil Oil Canada. C.D.P.; coverage 1200 %.

Figure 3.18

Devonian Elk Point isopach. Dissolution occurs in proximity to unconformities, reef complexes (both in barrier and tiny patch or pinnacle masses), and in association with open fractures or faults. Courtesy, in part, Esso Resources Canada, and Jackalope Geological Ltd. See also Meijer Drees, this volume, Chapter 10, Figure 10.3.

Figure 3.19

Karst at Pine Point, Northwest Territories. Paleokarst developed on Middle Devonian carbonate complex on the south side of Great Slave Lake. (After Rhodes et al., 1984.)